Evaluating the Tigers through a Sabermetric lens

Thursday, November 6, 2008

Tigers Defense ... Again

David Pinto has started unveiling his Probabilistic Model of Range data over at Baseball Musings. Basically he takes the data from Baseball Info Solutions and using some criteria winds up with some numbers that he releases to judge their defense/range.

So far, Pinto has released the data for Shortstops and for 2nd baseman. Using some simple conversions, we can turn this data into a runs total. Lets start with the Shortstop position since it was the most scrutinized amongst Tigers fans, and it was the first one that David released over at Baseball Musings.

The shortstop data included a total of 39 who qualified for this data. But before we get into the actual individual performances, let's look at how the Tigers did as a team, in comparison to the rest of the league:

Go to the shortstop link above to see the hard data, as I'm just going to be posting Team, Plays Made (where Plays Made are the Defensive Efficiency Ratio extrapolated out to the average number of balls in play for teams, which was 4,395), Predicted Plays Made (where you take the predicted DER and extrapolate it out ove 4,395), Difference between the two, and then, finally, Runs. I apologize in advance for my lack of chart-making skills. These are incredibly spaced out and I haven't fixed them, but hopefully you get the gist.

Team

Plays Made

Predicted

Difference

Runs

Brewers

558

532

26

20

Giants

510

488

22

17

Marlins

523

505

18

13

Angels

527

514

13

10

Cardinals

554

541

13

10

Red Sox

497

492

4

3

Phillies

558

554

4

3

Braves

567

563

4

3

Diamondbacks

488

483

4

3

Cubs

527

523

4

3

Astros

510

510

0

0

Athletics

488

488

0

0

Rangers

505

505

0

0

Dodgers

563

563

0

0

Indians

527

527

0

0

White Sox

545

545

0

0

Royals

505

505

0

0

Rays

505

505

0

0

Orioles

519

523

-4

-3

Rockies

567

571

-4

-3

Pirates

541

545

-4

-3

Blue Jays

497

501

-4

-3

Twins

549

558

-9

-7

Yankees

497

505

-9

-7

Nationals

523

536

-13

-10

Mariners

466

479

-13

-10

Padres

519

532

-13

-10

Reds

479

497

-18

-13

Tigers

501

527

-26

-20

Mets

505

532

-26

-20

Now, as we see, the Tigers had a lot of problems fielding the ball at Short this year. In a previous entry, I concluded that Edgar Renteria wasn't the main culprit (Ramon Santiago was very bad by my methods). But, being 20 runs in the bad is never good -- no matter the category. That equals out to roughly 2 wins worth.

Before we get to the individual numbers, a quick aside on the numbers. The runs totals are a bit skewed. To put everyone on an equal footing, I took their Defensive Efficiency Ratios that you can see on the link to the actual PMR stats (please, go check out Baseball Musings for support since David Pinto purchases this data and pays a fee to publicly put it online) and multiplied that by 4000. I do this becasue 4000 balls in play is roughly equal to 145-150 games played for an average fielder. To give an example, Marco Scutaro's DER was 0.128. You take the 0.128*4000 and get 512 plays made. He only made 173 on the season, but his pace was for about 512 if he played in 145-150 full games. You then take his Predicted DER which was 0.116*4000 and you get 464. Given the balls hit to him, he was on pace over the course of 145-150 games to field 464 of them. 512-464=48. You then plug the 48 into the 2B/SS conversions (the link posted way above at the top of this post) and get a runs total. Marco Scutaro actually made 16 more plays than predicted, since he was only in the field for 1352 balls in play. So, a lot of the guys at the top of the positions are guys with great rates, however, their actual defensive contributions were much lower than the runs totals below, but, if you extrapolated their defense out to a full season's worth of chances, this is what they were on pace to produce in the field.

So, how does PMR rate the individuals? Well...

Player

Plays Made

Predicted

Difference

Runs

Marco Scutaro

512

464

48

36.19344

Omar Vizquel

452

416

36

27.14508

Mike Aviles

476

444

32

24.12896

Maicer Izturis

464

444

20

15.0806

Jed Lowrie

432

412

20

15.0806

J.J. Hardy

500

484

16

12.06448

Erick Aybar

500

484

16

12.06448

Alex Cora

492

476

16

12.06448

Cesar Izturis

520

504

16

12.06448

Jack Wilson

512

496

16

12.06448

Bobby Crosby

452

440

12

9.04836

Jimmy Rollins

512

500

12

9.04836

Jason Bartlett

472

464

8

6.03224

Hanley Ramirez

472

464

8

6.03224

Juan Castro

460

452

8

6.03224

Luis Rodriguez

480

472

8

6.03224

Yunel Escobar

528

520

8

6.03224

Nick Punto

552

544

8

6.03224

Adam Everett

528

520

8

6.03224

Orlando Cabrera

500

496

4

3.01612

Ryan Theriot

472

468

4

3.01612

Miguel Tejada

464

464

0

0

Jhonny Peralta

472

472

0

0

Michael Young

468

468

0

0

Julio Lugo

444

448

-4

-3.01612

Angel Berroa

520

524

-4

-3.01612

Derek Jeter

448

456

-8

-6.03224

Stephen Drew

440

448

-8

-6.03224

Cristian Guzman

484

492

-8

-6.03224

Yuniesky Betancourt

428

440

-12

-9.04836

John McDonald

432

448

-16

-12.0645

Troy Tulowitzki

520

536

-16

-12.0645

Edgar Renteria

464

488

-24

-18.0967

Jose Reyes

456

480

-24

-18.0967

Khalil Greene

460

488

-28

-21.1128

Tony F Pena

440

468

-28

-21.1128

Brendan Harris

428

460

-32

-24.129

Jeff Keppinger

416

448

-32

-24.129

David Eckstein

412

452

-40

-30.1612

Here, we see Edgar Renteria is rated at -18.09 runs defensively, rounded to just -18. In my post in August about the Tigers Defense, I had Renteria at -5.56 runs. I updated all of my numbers (Here's that spread sheet [note: this spreadsheet link is NOT the PMR numbers]) and Edgar finished at -11 runs defensively. So, a difference of just 9 runs between my numbers and converting David Pinto's numbers to runs.

Well, the Shortstop position obviously needs an upgrade and that'll be something to look towards in a future post.

As for 2nd base, here's how the Tigers rated as a team:

Team

Plays Made

Predicted

Difference

Runs

Marlins

532

505

26

19.88377

Reds

510

488

22

16.56981

Diamondbacks

585

563

22

16.56981

Phillies

527

505

22

16.56981

Angels

549

536

13

9.941886

Cubs

527

514

13

9.941886

Rockies

545

536

9

6.627924

Indians

541

532

9

6.627924

Tigers

488

479

9

6.627924

Athletics

532

523

9

6.627924

Twins

488

483

4

3.313962

Blue Jays

554

549

4

3.313962

Brewers

514

510

4

3.313962

White Sox

532

532

0

0

Orioles

483

483

0

0

Yankees

563

563

0

0

Cardinals

492

497

-4

-3.31396

Red Sox

523

527

-4

-3.31396

Astros

475

479

-4

-3.31396

Mariners

585

593

-9

-6.62792

Royals

545

554

-9

-6.62792

Braves

527

536

-9

-6.62792

Pirates

440

448

-9

-6.62792

Rangers

505

514

-9

-6.62792

Nationals

461

470

-9

-6.62792

Giants

435

448

-13

-9.94189

Rays

488

505

-18

-13.2558

Mets

483

501

-18

-13.2558

Padres

470

497

-26

-19.8838

Dodgers

497

532

-35

-26.5117

The Tigers really picked it at the 2nd base position, helping to off-set the sub-par defensive play at shortstop, picking up 6.62 runs at 2B. However, that means the Tigers middle infield as a team wound up at -13, if you round the 6.62 runs up to 7 runs. That is not good, however, the middle infield "cost" the Tigers right around 1 win defensively.

As for individuals, the Tigers were obviously led by Placido Polanco. I had Polanco at the end of the year at +17.3 runs defensively, rounded to 17. How did he do in PMR? Well...

Player

Plays Made

Predicted

Difference

Runs

Adam Kennedy

484

444

40

30.1612

Mike Fontenot

484

444

40

30.1612

Marco Scutaro

536

508

28

21.11284

Emilio Bonifacio

396

368

28

21.11284

Chase Utley

484

460

24

18.09672

Howie Kendrick

528

504

24

18.09672

Dan Uggla

484

464

20

15.0806

Joe Inglett

528

508

20

15.0806

Placido Polanco

444

428

16

12.06448

Brandon Phillips

464

448

16

12.06448

Asdrubal Cabrera

516

500

16

12.06448

Juan Uribe

496

480

16

12.06448

Orlando Hudson

520

508

12

9.04836

Clint Barmes

480

468

12

9.04836

Mark Ellis

496

488

8

6.03224

Alexi Casilla

440

432

8

6.03224

Dustin Pedroia

480

476

4

3.01612

Rickie Weeks

452

448

4

3.01612

Brian Roberts

448

448

0

0

Robinson Cano

512

512

0

0

Jose Lopez

552

552

0

0

Kaz Matsui

428

428

0

0

Luis Castillo

428

428

0

0

Sean Rodriguez

484

484

0

0

Mark Loretta

464

464

0

0

Alexei Ramirez

480

484

-4

-3.01612

Mark Grudzielanek

516

520

-4

-3.01612

Tadahito Iguchi

444

448

-4

-3.01612

Freddy Sanchez

400

408

-8

-6.03224

Ian Kinsler

476

484

-8

-6.03224

Jamey Carroll

456

464

-8

-6.03224

Kelly Johnson

484

496

-12

-9.04836

Mark DeRosa

480

492

-12

-9.04836

Eugenio Velez

376

392

-16

-12.0645

Jeff Baker

472

492

-20

-15.0806

Akinori Iwamura

444

468

-24

-18.0967

Felipe Lopez

436

460

-24

-18.0967

Aaron Hill

476

500

-24

-18.0967

Ray Durham

392

424

-32

-24.129

Aaron Miles

440

472

-32

-24.129

Brendan Harris

396

428

-32

-24.129

Edgar Gonzalez

448

484

-36

-27.1451

Alberto Callaspo

452

488

-36

-27.1451

Damion Easley

424

464

-40

-30.1612

Jeff Kent

440

484

-44

-33.1773

Here we see Placido Polanco rates well, just like in my method. PMR converted to runs has Polanco at +12.06 runs defensively, rounded to 12 runs. So, my method and PMR differ by 5 runs -- not bad, if I say so myself.

So what can we conclude from these numbers? It would behoove the Tigers to improve the middle infield defense as a whole, namely the shortstop position. However, doing it at the cost of grabbing an all glove, no bat player is not a quality option as we're carrying two weak bats already with Brandon Inge at 3rd and Dusty Ryan and whatever veteran we pair with him behind the plate. However, someone like an Omar Vizquel for a late inning defensive sub (+8.54 runs in my methods, +12 runs of actual production this year via PMR converted to runs) wouldn't be a bad option to round out the bench. Though, it's more likely a reserve infielder will be Ramon Santiago or Ryan Raburn.

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